Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic that's almost exclusively used to treat urinary tract infections or UTIs. Like other antibiotics, it should be used according to your doctor's directions.
Caution Still Recommended
Low Abuse Potential
Are you struggling with Nitrofurantoin?
Uses
What Is Nitrofurantoin?
Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic medication used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). It works by killing the bacteria that cause these infections.
What Is Nitrofurantoin Used For?
Nitrofurantoin is primarily used for the treatment of bacterial infections in the urinary tract, such as cystitis and pyelonephritis. It is also used to prevent recurrent UTIs in individuals who are prone to these types of infections.
In addition to its use in treating UTIs, nitrofurantoin has also been found to be effective in treating certain other types of infections caused by bacteria, such as respiratory tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections. However, it is not typically used as a first-line treatment for these conditions and is often reserved for cases where other antibiotics have failed or cannot be used due to allergies or resistance.
How Does Nitrofurantoin Work?
Nitrofurantoin works by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria, ultimately leading to their death. It does this by interfering with the production of proteins that are essential for bacterial survival. Without these proteins, the bacteria are unable to function properly and eventually die off.
Unlike some other antibiotics, nitrofurantoin is not absorbed into the bloodstream but instead remains in the urinary tract. This means it primarily targets and treats infections in this specific area.
What Are the Brand Names of Nitrofurantoin?
Nitrofurantoin is available under various brand names, including Macrobid, Macrodantin, Furadantin, and Nitrofurantoin Mono/Macro. Different brands may have different formulations and dosages, so it is important to follow the instructions of your doctor or pharmacist when taking this medication.
Is Nitrofurantoin Different From Other Antibiotics?
Yes, nitrofurantoin is different from other antibiotics in a few ways. Firstly, it is primarily used for the treatment of UTIs and is not typically prescribed for other types of infections. Additionally, it works by targeting bacteria specifically in the urinary tract rather than being absorbed into the bloodstream and affecting bacteria throughout the body.
Nitrofurantoin also has a unique mode of action compared to other antibiotics. Instead of directly killing bacteria, it inhibits their growth and reproduction, ultimately leading to their death. This makes it effective against certain strains of bacteria that may be resistant to other types of antibiotics.
Nitrofurantoin Side Effects
Common Side Effects
Like any medication, nitrofurantoin can cause side effects. Some of the more common side effects include:
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Loss of appetite
Headache
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Muscle or joint pain
If these side effects are mild, they may go away on their own as your body adjusts to the medication. However, if they persist or become more severe, it is important to talk to your doctor.
Serious Side Effects
While uncommon, there are some serious side effects associated with nitrofurantoin that require immediate medical attention. These include:
Allergic reactions (e.g. rash, hives, difficulty breathing)
Severe diarrhea or bloody stools
Yellowing of the skin or eyes
Dark urine
Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet
If you experience any of these side effects, seek medical help right away.
Does Nitrofurantoin Make You Tired?
Some people may experience drowsiness or fatigue as a side effect of nitrofurantoin. If this occurs, it is important to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you. Talk to your doctor if these side effects persist or become bothersome.
Can You Drink Alcohol While Taking Nitrofurantoin?
It is generally recommended to avoid drinking alcohol while taking nitrofurantoin. This is because alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness of antibiotics and also increase the risk of certain side effects. It is best to speak with your doctor about whether it is safe for you to consume alcohol while on this medication.
Should You Take Nitrofurantoin While Pregnant?
Nitrofurantoin is generally considered safe to take during pregnancy, although it should only be used if absolutely necessary. It is important to discuss any potential risks with your doctor before taking this medication while pregnant.
How Long Should You Take Nitrofurantoin?
The length of treatment with nitrofurantoin will depend on the type and severity of the infection being treated. In most cases, it is prescribed for 3-7 days for acute UTIs and up to 6 months for chronic or recurrent infections. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as directed by your doctor, even if you start feeling better before then.
We’re Here To Help You Find Your Way
Would you like more information about mental health or drug addiction? Reach out today.
Warnings
Who Should Not Take Nitrofurantoin?
Nitrofurantoin should not be taken by individuals who are allergic to the medication or any of its ingredients. It is also not recommended for those with severe kidney disease, certain blood disorders, or a history of liver problems.
Drug Interactions
Before taking nitrofurantoin, it is important to inform your doctor about all other medications you are currently taking. This includes:
Prescription drugs
Over-the-counter medications
Herbal supplements
Vitamins
Some medications may interact with nitrofurantoin and affect its effectiveness or increase the risk of side effects.
Other Precautions
It is important to take nitrofurantoin exactly as prescribed and to not skip doses or stop taking it without consulting your doctor. If you forget a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
Nitrofurantoin may also cause urine to turn a brownish color, which is normal and should not cause concern. However, if you experience severe changes in urine color or any other unusual symptoms while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.
Alternatives to Consider
If you are unable to take nitrofurantoin or if it is not effective for your condition, there are other antibiotics that can be prescribed for UTIs. These include trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin, and ciprofloxacin.
Before Taking
Before taking nitrofurantoin, it is important to inform your doctor about any pre-existing health conditions you have, as well as any medications or supplements you are currently taking. This will help determine if this medication is safe and appropriate for you to take.
Some other factors to consider before starting nitrofurantoin include:
Any allergies to medications or food
Previous experience with antibiotics and their effectiveness in treating UTIs
Pregnancy status
History of kidney or liver disease
It is also important to follow any specific instructions from your doctor regarding diet, fluid intake, and other lifestyle changes that may aid in the treatment of a UTI while taking this medication. By fully understanding the potential risks and benefits of nitrofurantoin, you can make an informed decision with your doctor about whether it is the right treatment option for you.
We’ll Lead You to New Heights
Do you have more questions about mental health or drug addiction? Reach out.
Dosages
For Adults
For the treatment of acute uncomplicated UTIs, the recommended dosage for adults is 100mg taken twice a day (every 12 hours) for 7 days. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe a higher dosage of 50mg four times a day (every 6 hours) for severe infections.
For Children
Nitrofurantoin can also be prescribed to children for the treatment of UTIs. The dosage will depend on their age and weight but typically ranges from 5-7 mg/kg per day in divided doses.
What if I Miss a Dose of Nitrofurantoin?
If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
What if I Accidentally Take Too Much Nitrofurantoin?
If you accidentally take too much nitrofurantoin or experience severe side effects after taking the medication, seek immediate medical help. In cases of overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.
How Long Does Nitrofurantoin Take to Work?
Nitrofurantoin typically starts working within a few days of starting treatment. However, it is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor for the best chance of clearing the infection and preventing recurrence.
When Is the Best Time to Take Nitrofurantoin?
Nitrofurantoin can be taken with or without food. However, it is recommended to take it with food to reduce the risk of stomach upset. It is important to take it at the same time each day and to space out doses evenly throughout the day as directed by your doctor.
Can You Crush, Cut, or Chew Nitrofurantoin Tablets?
Yes, nitrofurantoin tablets can be crushed, cut, or chewed if necessary. However, it is best to swallow them whole for optimal effectiveness.
What Is the Maximum Dose of Nitrofurantoin?
The maximum dose of nitrofurantoin for adults is 400mg per day, while the maximum dose for children will depend on their age and weight. It is important to never exceed the prescribed dosage without first consulting your doctor.
Interactions
Nitrofurantoin and Alcohol
There are no known interactions between nitrofurantoin and alcohol. However, alcohol consumption can exacerbate the side effects of this medication such as dizziness, drowsiness, and upset stomach.
Nitrofurantoin and Birth Control
Nitrofurantoin may decrease the effectiveness of hormonal birth control methods such as pills, patches, or rings. It is important to use an additional form of contraception while taking this medication and for 7 days after completing treatment.
Foods to Avoid
There are no specific foods that need to be avoided while taking nitrofurantoin. However, it is important to continue drinking plenty of water and staying hydrated to help flush out the infection.
Medications
Some medications that may interact with nitrofurantoin include:
Antacids containing magnesium trisilicate
Probenecid
Other antibiotics, especially those that affect the kidneys or liver
It is important to inform your doctor about all medications you are currently taking before starting treatment with nitrofurantoin.
We’re Here To Help You Find Your Way
Do you need advice about mental health or drug addiction? Reach out today.
Overdose Potential
Can You Overdose on Nitrofurantoin?
Yes, it is possible to overdose on nitrofurantoin. If this occurs, seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of an overdose may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.
What Should You Do if You Overdose in Nitrofurantoin?
If an overdose is suspected or you experience severe side effects after taking nitrofurantoin, seek immediate medical help. In cases of overdose, treatment will typically involve supportive care and monitoring of vital signs.
Addiction Treatment
Is Nitrofurantoin Addictive?
No, nitrofurantoin is not addictive. It is safe to take as prescribed by your doctor for the treatment of UTIs.
Can You Abuse Nitrofurantoin?
Nitrofurantoin does not have any known abuse potential and is not commonly misused or abused. However, it is important to always follow your doctor's instructions and never exceed the recommended dosage.
We’re Here To Help You Find Your Way
If you or a loved one is struggling with addiction, there is hope. Our team can guide you on your journey to recovery. Call us today.
Share this blog
Detox Centers
Let us help you find the best Treatment Center near you.
FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
Nitrofurantoin is primarily used to treat UTIs and is not effective against other types of infections. It should only be taken as prescribed by your doctor for the specific infection being treated.
Some common side effects of nitrofurantoin include nausea, vomiting, upset stomach, loss of appetite, and headache. Less common but more serious side effects may include allergic reactions, severe dizziness or drowsiness, difficulty breathing, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). If you experience any severe or concerning side effects while taking nitrofurantoin, seek medical attention immediately.
Nitrofurantoin can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the body, which may lead to an overgrowth of yeast and cause a yeast infection. If you experience symptoms such as itching, burning, or abnormal discharge while taking this medication, contact your doctor for further guidance.
Nitrofurantoin should not be taken by those with a history of allergic reactions to the medication, kidney disease, liver disease, or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. It is important to inform your doctor about any medical conditions and medications you are currently taking before starting treatment with nitrofurantoin.
Nitrofurantoin is generally considered safe to take during pregnancy. However, it is important to inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant before starting treatment. Nitrofurantoin can pass into breast milk but is typically low levels and does not pose a risk to breastfeeding infants.